WikiBiomeThe human microbiome encyclopediaRanked matches across titles, topics, categories, and article introductions.
Progressive inflammatory disease of the arterial wall characterized by lipid accumulation, immune cell infiltration, and fibrous plaque formation. In the metallomics framework, atherosclerosis sits at the convergence of three interacting systems: heavy metal toxicity, g…
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of arterial walls characterized by lipid-laden plaque formation, endothelial dysfunction, and progressive vascular occlusion. It is the pathological substrate underlying coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral ar…
Bilophila wadsworthia is a Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic, sulfite-reducing bacterium that has emerged as a key pathobiont linking high-fat diets, taurine metabolism, hydrogen sulfide production, and inflammatory disease. Its unique metabolic niche -- using taurine-c…
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) -- encompassing atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke -- is the leading cause of death globally. The gut-heart axis has emerged as a central paradigm linking microbial metabo…
The co-occurrence of multiple diseases in the same individual at rates exceeding chance. Comorbidity patterns are a central puzzle in medicine -- why do IBD patients develop CVD? Why does PCOS cluster with T2D? Why do neurodegenerative diseases associate with depression…
Coronary artery disease (CAD) -- the progressive narrowing of coronary arteries by atherosclerotic plaque -- is the single leading cause of death globally, responsible for approximately 9 million deaths annually. CAD encompasses stable angina, unstable angina, and myoca…
Erysipelotrichaceae is a family within the phylum Firmicutes that has drawn increasing attention for its consistent enrichment in metabolic disorders. Members of this family are Gram-positive, obligate anaerobes found throughout the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, whe…
The transfer of processed stool from a healthy donor into a recipient's gastrointestinal tract to restore a disrupted microbial community. FMT is the most direct form of microbiome intervention -- replacing the entire community rather than supplementing individual strai…
Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid intermediate in the methionine cycle. Elevated plasma homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, endothelial dysfunction, and neurodegenerative disease. The gut microbiome …
An umbrella term for chronic relapsing-remitting inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, principally crohns disease (CD; transmural, any GI segment) and ulcerative colitis (UC; mucosal, colon only). Approximately 6 million patients worldwide. IBD represen…
Isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, glycitein) are phytoestrogens found primarily in soy products. They bind estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) with weak agonist/antagonist activity and are among the most microbiome-dependent dietary bioactives — their clinical effects depe…
Lipid metabolism — the synthesis, transport, and degradation of fats — is profoundly modulated by both the gut microbiome and metal homeostasis. The microbiome influences lipid metabolism through bile acid transformation, SCFA production, TMAO generation, and direct enz…
A genus of lipophilic basidiomycete yeasts that is the dominant fungus on human skin and has recently been recognized as a significant component of the gut mycobiome. M. restricta, M. globosa, and M. furfur are the primary species. Originally studied as the cause of dan…
Methanobrevibacter smithii is the dominant methanogenic archaeon in the human gut, responsible for consuming hydrogen gas produced by fermentative bacteria and converting it to methane. Despite being an archaeon rather than a bacterium, it represents 0–15% of gut microb…
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a host innate-immune signaling complex that connects cellular danger signals to caspase-1 activation. In the canonical pathway represented in WikiBiome's evidence vault, caspase-1 processes the inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and IL-18 and clea…
Paraprevotella is a genus of obligate anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria in the family Prevotellaceae, related to prevotella. It is a gut commensal with emerging associations across neuropsychiatric and reproductive conditions. - Schizophrenia: Altered in gut-brain axis …
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissues (gingiva, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone) driven by a dysbiotic polymicrobial biofilm in the subgingival pocket. The keystone pathogen is porphyromonas gingivalis, whose zinc-dependent gingi…
A Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic genus with the keystone pathogen P. gingivalis at its center. Named for its porphyrin (heme) requirement, Porphyromonas is the prototypical periodontal pathogen and one of the most important organisms connecting oral health to systemi…
Propionibacterium (largely reclassified as Cutibacterium for skin species) is a genus of Gram-positive, anaerobic to aerotolerant bacteria that produce propionic acid as their primary fermentation product. P. acnes (now Cutibacterium acnes) is the dominant skin commensa…
Rikenella is a genus of obligate anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria in the family Rikenellaceae (phylum Bacteroidetes). The primary species is R. microfusus. In the WikiBiome vault, Rikenella is consistently depleted across disease states — a protective commensal whose l…
A gut microbiome-derived metabolite that has emerged as one of the strongest microbial biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk. TMAO exemplifies how microbial metabolism of dietary nutrients can generate systemically toxic products -- a fundamentally different paradi…