WikiBiomeThe human microbiome encyclopediaRanked matches across titles, topics, categories, and article introductions.
A genus of Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that are among the most extensively studied probiotics. In the metallomics context, Lactobacillus species are critical for two reasons: they actively detoxify heavy metals through binding and s…
Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the most widely used probiotic species, with clinical trial evidence spanning multiple conditions. It is a component of many multi-strain probiotic formulations and has been tested in RCTs for schizophrenia, breast cancer chemotherapy…
A Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium that is the dominant species in the healthy human vaginal microbiome and a defining member of Community State Type I (CST-I). L. crispatus dominance is associated with reproductive health, pathogen resistance, and reduc…
Lactobacillus gasseri is a vaginal and gut commensal that defines Community State Type II (CST-II) in the vaginal microbiome. It is a common probiotic species with anti-obesity properties in clinical trials.
Lactobacillus iners is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium that dominates the vaginal microbiome of many women worldwide, defining Community State Type III (CST-III) in vaginal microbiome classification. For decades, all vaginal Lactobacillus species were…
Lactobacillus jensenii defines Community State Type V (CST-V) in the vaginal microbiome. It produces hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid, contributing to vaginal defense against pathogens, though less dominant than lactobacillus crispatus (CST-I).
Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the most versatile probiotic species — found in fermented foods (kimchi, sauerkraut, sourdough), the human gut, and the vaginal microbiome. It has the largest genome among Lactobacillus species (~3.3 Mb), encoding extensive stress toler…
Lactobacillus reuteri is one of the most extensively studied probiotic species, notable for its production of neuroactive metabolites (GABA, histamine) and its effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (testosterone, oxytocin).
Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic lactic acid bacterium and one of the most extensively studied probiotic species. The GG strain (ATCC 53103), isolated from a healthy human intestinal tract by Gorbach and Goldin in 1983, is the single m…
Research summary — not medical advice. This page synthesizes published research on a mechanism-level intervention. It is not a clinical recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before making any changes to diet, supplementation, or treatment.
Anaerococcus is a genus of Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic cocci within the phylum Firmicutes. It is a normal inhabitant of the human vaginal, skin, and gastrointestinal microbiota, but is recognized as an opportunistic pathogen in dysbiotic states, particularly when …
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age, affecting an estimated 29% of women globally. Rather than an infection by a single pathogen, BV represents a polymicrobial dysbiotic state -- a collapse of the protective Lactoba…
Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) is the microbial enzyme that deconjugates primary bile acids (taurocholate, glycocholate) by cleaving the amino acid (taurine or glycine) from the steroid core. This is the first and rate-limiting step in microbial bile acid transformation — wi…
Chlamydia trachomatis is a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium and the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Its biphasic developmental cycle — alternating between the infectious elementary body (EB) and the replicative reticulate b…
Dental caries (tooth decay) is the most prevalent chronic disease worldwide, driven by acid-producing biofilm bacteria — primarily Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species — that demineralize tooth enamel. In the WikiBiome framework, dental caries connects to the …
Estrogen recirculation is the recycling loop by which conjugated estrogens excreted in bile are deconjugated by gut bacterial beta glucuronidase, reabsorbed across the intestinal epithelium, and returned to systemic circulation uzuner 2023 bidirectional relationship end…
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. In the WikiBiome context, GABA is notable because gut bacteria produce it — certain Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species possess glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) e…
Lactobacillaceae is the family containing the genus lactobacillus and related genera. It is the dominant family in the healthy vaginal microbiome and a significant family in the gut. Family-level depletion is reported across schizophrenia szeligowski 2020 gut microbiome…
A metabolic-endocrine disorder affecting 6-20% of reproductive-age women worldwide, characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic ovary morphology (Rotterdam criteria) barrea 2019 mediterranean diet pcos. PCOS is the leading cause of anovulatory i…
Research summary — not medical advice. This page synthesizes published research on a mechanism-level intervention. It is not a clinical recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before making any changes to diet, supplementation, or treatment.
Preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation) is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide (~15 million/year). The vaginal microbiome is a key determinant of preterm birth risk — Lactobacillus-depleted vaginal communities (CST-IV, enriched in gardnerella, at…
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Probiotic supplementation targeting the dysbiosis-thyroid axis aims to restore Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium populations depleted in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, with potential downstream effects on iodine and selenium metabolism.
Probiotic supplementation targeting depleted Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the postpartum period aims to restore gut-brain axis signaling disrupted during the dramatic hormonal shifts following delivery.
Co-administration of multi-strain probiotics (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Bacillus cereus) alongside PPI therapy to mitigate PPI-induced gut dysbiosis. This addresses the treatment paradox: PPIs improve esophageal inflammation but worsen gut microbial …
A synbiotic is a combination of live microorganisms (probiotics) and substrates selectively utilized by host microorganisms (prebiotics) that confers a health benefit. The rationale is additive or synergistic: the prebiotic component (typically inulin, fructo-oligosacch…
Restricting dietary nickel has clear benefits for nickel-sensitive individuals: it resolves SNAS symptoms, improves Ni ACM, and even enhances H. pylori eradication. Campanale et al. (2014) found that adding a nickel-free diet to standard triple therapy increased H. pylo…
Probiotics protect the gut barrier from heavy metal toxicity. Zhai et al. (2016) demonstrated that L. plantarum CCFM8610 protected intestinal epithelial cells from cadmium through a four-part mechanism: metal sequestration in the gut lumen, alleviation of oxidative stre…
A family of Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacteria within the Firmicutes phylum (class Negativicutes) that occupies a unique metabolic niche as specialized lactate utilizers. Veillonellaceae cannot ferment sugars directly -- instead, they cross-feed on lactate produ…