Dyshomeostasis

The pathological disruption of normal metal homeostasis — the tightly regulated balance of essential trace elements (iron, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium) and exclusion of toxic metals (cadmium, lead, mercury, arsenic). Dyshomeostasis is a convergent mechanism underlying nearly every disease in this wiki.

Manifestations

  • Excess: iron overload (ferroptosis), copper accumulation (Wilson disease), manganese toxicity (manganism).
  • Deficiency: zinc deficiency (immune dysfunction, growth retardation), selenium deficiency (thyroid dysfunction, Keshan disease), iron deficiency (anemia).
  • Redistribution: metals may be globally adequate but locally mislocalized (e.g., iron accumulation in substantia nigra during parkinsons disease despite systemic adequacy).
  • Ratio disruption: Cu:Zn ratio elevation is documented in colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, pcos, and inflammation.

Microbiome Connections

  • Gut bacteria modulate metal absorption, speciation, and systemic distribution.
  • dysbiosis both causes and results from metal dyshomeostasis — a bidirectional feedback loop.
  • The gut metal microbiome axis is where dietary metal exposure first encounters microbial modifiers.

Connections